Experience the magic from last year’s #HarvardAlumniDay with this unforgettable performance by Eugene Ye '25 and Eliot Min AB '23
感受去年#哈佛校友日的魔力，欣赏Eugene Ye (25届) 和 Eliot Min AB (23届) 的精彩表演
The end of an era: Join Amanda ‘25 as she shares her last day of school ever! ♥️🥹
一个时代的终结：和25届毕业生阿曼达一起分享她在学校的最后一天！♥️🥹
当年花27.5元买副本 哈佛「大宪章」竟是真迹身价数百万
1946年，哈佛法学院以27.5美元购入一份被误认为是副本的“大宪章”文献，长期藏于图书馆。如今，英国学者发现这实为1300年由英王爱德华一世颁布的极为罕见原件，可能是最后一份仍存世的大宪章正本，被称为“全球最具价值的文档之一”。这份文献原被低估为1327年复制品。学者认为其对宪政史与自由精神具有重大意义，价值可能高达数百万甚至数千万美元。
Pivotal role of reinforcement learning in modern large language models
Reinforcement learning (RL) plays a pivotal role in training modern large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, according to researchers at Harvard’s Kempner Institute. Drawing inspiration from B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning, where behavior is shaped by rewards and punishments, RL enables machines to learn through trial and error by reinforcing desired outputs. This method parallels how a rat learns to press a lever in a Skinner box and forms a foundational link between behavioral psychology and cutting-edge AI training techniques used on systems like the Kempner AI cluster.
强化学习在现代大型语言模型中的关键作用
哈佛大学肯普纳研究所的研究人员表示，强化学习（RL）在训练ChatGPT等现代大型语言模型（LLM）中发挥着关键作用。强化学习总结了BF斯金纳的操作性条件反射理论，即行为由奖励和惩罚训练，通过强化期望输出，使机器学习出反复试验的成果。这种模拟老鼠斯基纳箱中方法的杠杆，并在心理学与肯普纳人工智能集群等系统中使用的尖端人工智能技术之间建立了基础联系。
HHS Freezes $60 Million in Federal Grants to Harvard in Third Round of Trump Cuts
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has frozen $60 million in federal grants to Harvard, marking the third round of funding cuts under the Trump administration within two months, following previous cuts of $450 million and $2.2 billion. The move cites allegations of antisemitism and racial discrimination on campus. HHS criticized Harvard’s “continued failure” to address these issues and framed the action as a defense of civil rights in higher education. Harvard, which has filed lawsuits against the earlier cuts, argues the actions violate the First Amendment and are politically retaliatory.
特朗普第三轮削减，美国卫生与公众服务部冻结哈佛大学 6000 万美元联邦拨款
美国卫生与公众服务部（HHS）冻结了对哈佛大学的6000万美元联邦拨款，特朗普政府两个月内第三次削减资金，此前两次分别削减了4.5亿美元和22亿美元。这源于校园内存在反犹太主义和种族歧视的指控。HHS谴责哈佛大学“持续未能”解决这些问题，并称其为维护高等教育的公民权利。这是哈佛大学之前的削减拨款诉讼，称这些行为违反了《第一修正案》，值得政治报复。
House Republicans Investigate Harvard’s Collaborations With China
House Republicans have launched a new investigation into Harvard’s collaborations with Chinese organizations, alleging ties to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). In a detailed letter, GOP leaders accused Harvard of hosting CCP-linked figures and using Department of Defense funding for partnerships with military-affiliated Chinese scholars. The inquiry highlights events involving sanctioned entities like the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, raising concerns over human rights violations and potential U.S. law breaches. Lawmakers also questioned dual-use research, foreign gift disclosures, and threatened Harvard’s tax-exempt status. Harvard must respond by June 2.
众议院共和党调查哈佛大学与中国的合作
祈愿人对哈佛大学与中国组织的合作展开了新的调查，指控其与中国共产党和中国人民解放军有联系。在一封详细的信函中，祈愿领导人指示哈佛大学接待与中共有关系的人士，并利用哈佛大学的资金与中国人民解放军有联系的中国学者建立合作关系。调查重点提到了涉及新疆生产建设兵团等受到制裁实体的事件，引发了对人民侵犯人权并可能违反美国法律的担忧。学者们还质疑军民两用研究、外国捐赠披露，并威胁哈佛大学的税务地位。哈佛大学必须在6 1月2日之前已做出回应。
Harvard FAS Announces New Funding Program for Research Impacted by Trump Cuts
Harvard FAS Dean Hopi Hoekstra has launched a new Research Continuity Funding program to support senior and tenure-track faculty impacted by the Trump administration’s federal grant cuts, which have frozen nearly $3 billion. The program will cover up to 80% of operating costs from terminated grants once alternative funds fall below 10%, and will run through June 2026. Hoekstra emphasized this is not a long-term solution, echoing warnings from other deans. Additional measures include doubling the Dean’s Competitive Fund, covering graduate student tuition/stipends, and urging faculty to seek philanthropic and diversified funding amid expected budget tightening.
哈佛大学财务会计与研究学院宣布为受特朗普削减影响的研究提供新的资助计划
哈佛大学财政科学研究院霍皮·霍克斯特拉启动了一项新的“研究连续性资助”项目，以支持受特朗普政府削减拨款影响的高级教职和终身教职员工。特朗普近端资助的拨款已冻结了30亿美元。一旦替代性资金削减员工10%以下，该项目将终止的拨款中支付高达80%的运营成本，住院持续到2026年6月。霍克斯特拉强调这不是一个长期的解决方案，呼吁应有其他普尔的警告。措施包括将普尔贫困基金增加一倍、支付研究生学费/津贴，并敦促教师在预算紧张的预算缩减期间寻求其他援助和信任。
Scores of Researchers Receive Termination Notices After Federal Government Cuts Most Grants to Harvard
More than 100 Harvard researchers received termination notices last Thursday after the Trump administration’s sweeping cuts to federal grants took effect, marking the most severe blow yet to Harvard’s research enterprise. The notices, impacting grants worth millions and supporting salaries for students and staff, followed official letters from seven federal agencies canceling most of the University’s active awards. Harvard pledged $250 million in emergency funds, but faculty warn it’s insufficient to sustain labs long-term. Professors fear the cuts will jeopardize early-career scientists, halt key projects, and devastate entire research teams.
联邦政府削减哈佛大学大部分拨款后，数十名研究人员收到解雇通知
上周四，特朗普政府大幅削减联邦机构的举措生效，超过100名哈佛大学研究人员收到了启动通知，这是迄今为止哈佛大学科研事业受到的最严重的打击。此前，七个联邦机构已正式致函取消了哈佛大学大部分有效的研究，这些通知影响了数字百万美元的拨款以及学生和教职员工的工资。哈佛大学承诺提供2.5亿美元的紧急资金，但教职员工警告称，这些资金足以长期维持实验室的运转。教授们，这些被砍掉的人担心将危及早期职业科学家，使关键项目被盗，并摧毁整个研究团队。
NYTimes: Education Secretary Wants Talks With Harvard to Resume, Without Giving Ground
Education Secretary Linda McMahon expressed interest in resuming talks with Harvard, but made clear the Trump administration will not ease its pressure tactics or alter its core demands. While $2.7 billion in grants have already been cut and more are at risk, McMahon blamed Harvard’s lawsuit for stalling negotiations. She acknowledged Harvard had made concessions under pressure—such as faculty dismissals and new policies—but emphasized that further compliance is expected before federal support is restored. McMahon also questioned the value of four-year college degrees, signaling a broader ideological shift in the administration’s higher education agenda.
纽约时报：教育部长希望恢复与哈佛大学的谈判，但不会做出让步
教育部长琳达·麦克马洪表示与哈佛大学重启谈判，但她明确表示，特朗普政府不会放松施压政策，也不会改变其核心要求。尽管27亿美元的拨款已被削减，且拨款面临更多风险，但麦克马洪将把转让归于哈佛大学的诉讼。承认哈佛大学在压力下做出了让步，例如解雇教职员工并制定新的政策，但她强调，在恢复支持之前，哈佛大学将进一步践行承诺。麦克马洪还质疑四年制大学学位的价值，这表明特朗普的高等教育正在发生更广泛的政府的变革。
MIT, Harvard scientists make important breakthrough in Alzheimer’s research
MIT and Harvard Medical School scientists have made a major breakthrough in Alzheimer’s research by identifying 200 genes linked to neurodegeneration using data from both fruit flies and humans. These genes may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease in people and offer new targets for drug development, which is urgently needed given the limited effectiveness of current treatments. The study, led by MIT professor Ernest Fraenkel, underscores the disease’s multifactorial nature and suggests that a combination of therapies may be necessary. Funded by the NIH, the research comes amid legal disputes over federal grant cuts, with MIT suing NIH and NSF to protect indirect research funding.
麻省理工学院与哈佛大学的科学家在阿尔茨海默病研究方面取得重要突破
麻理工省学院和哈佛医学院的科学家通过利用来自果蝇和人类的数据识别出200个与神经退行相关的基因，在阿尔茨海默病研究方面取得了重大突破。这些基因可能导致人类患上阿尔茨海默病，并为药物研发提供了新的靶点，据此目前治疗方法的有限性，药物研发紧迫在眉头。这项由麻省学院教授欧内斯特负责的弗兰克尔领导的研究强调了这种多成分性质，并表明可能需要联合治疗。麻省理工学院这项研究由美国国家卫生研究院资助，正值分割引发了法律纠纷，省理工学院收回美国国家卫生研究院和美国国家科学疾病基金会保护间接研究资金。
Get a lift from resistance training. Here's why workouts at least twice a week are a good move.
Resistance training, recommended twice weekly alongside aerobic activity, offers major health benefits, especially for older adults, according to Harvard Health Publishing. It helps combat muscle loss (sarcopenia), enhances strength, joint health, and mobility, and can lower the risk of injury, heart disease, cancer, and early death. Studies also link it to stronger bones, better mental health, improved brain function, and reduced insomnia. Beginners should start with body-weight exercises or resistance bands, and consult a certified trainer for guidance on technique, progression, and personalized programs.
通过阻力提升训练体能。以下是为什么每周至少锻炼两次是明智之举。
据哈佛健康出版社报道，建议每周进行两次扭矩训练，同时进行有氧运动。扭矩训练对健康大有裨益，尤其对第四方面。，增强力量、关节健康和灵活性，并可降低损伤、患心脏病、癌症和早逝的风险。研究还表明，阻力训练与强健骨骼、改善心理健康、改善大脑功能和减少走路有关。初学者应从自重或阻力带开始，并咨询认证训练，涉及有关技巧、进阶和个性化计划的指导。
A faster, safer treatment for a common heart rhythm disorder?
Catheter ablation has become a first-line treatment for people newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (afib), offering a faster and safer alternative to medication. Advances like pulsed field ablation — approved by the FDA in 2023 — use targeted electrical pulses to eliminate faulty heart tissue without damaging nearby structures, cutting procedure time from 90 to 60 minutes. Afib, often caused by factors such as age, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, can lead to stroke, heart failure, and dementia if untreated. Early ablation offers better outcomes, with success rates near 80% and complication rates under 1%, according to Harvard-affiliated experts.
对于常见的心律失常，有更快、更安全的治疗方法吗？
导管消融术已成为新诊断心房颤动（afib）患者的一线治疗方法，提供了一种比药物更快捷、更安全的替代方案。脉冲场消融术等先进技术（已于2023年获得FDA批准）利用定向电脉冲消除有缺陷的心脏组织，而不损伤邻近部近的结构，将手术时间从每周90分钟至60分钟。心房颤动通常由年龄、高血压、糖尿病和肥胖等重要原因引起，如果不及时治疗，可能导致中风、心力衰竭和认知。据哈佛大学附属专家称，早期消融治疗效果更佳，成功率接近80%，并发症发生率低于1% 。
Break out of your breakfast rut
Harvard Heart Letter encourages breaking out of your breakfast rut by incorporating heart-healthy, nutrient-rich foods beyond the usual eggs and toast. While eggs can still be part of a balanced diet, especially when paired with vegetables rather than bacon or white bread, variety is key. Recommended options include Greek yogurt with berries and nuts, whole-grain oatmeal, chia pudding, and whole-grain toast with toppings like almond butter, avocado, or ricotta and fruit. These meals provide essential protein, fiber, and unsaturated fats to support heart health, stabilize blood sugar, and keep you full longer.
打破早餐的窠臼
《哈佛心脏通讯》鼓励打破早餐的饮食习惯，除了常见的鸡蛋和吐司之外，还可以加入一些有益心脏健康、营养丰富的食物。虽然鸡蛋仍然可以成为均衡饮食的一部分，重点搭配是蔬菜而不是培根或白面包时，但多样性才是关键。推荐的食物包括加浆果和坚果的希腊酸奶、全麦燕麦片、奇亚籽布丁，以及搭配杏仁酱、牛油果或意大利乳清干酪和水果等配料的全麦吐。这些食物提供必需的蛋白质、膳食纤维和不肥胖的脂肪，有助于心脏维持健康，增加心肌梗死，并让您更长时间地保持饱腹感。
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